Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

In analogy to the amplification of light in a laser, vibrations of a semiconductor crystal, so called phonons, were enhanced by interaction with an electron current. Excitation of a ...

Amplification is a process of increasing the signal strength by increasing the amplitude of a given signal with out changing its characteristics. Here we will concentrate how transistor is used as ...

Lock-in amplifiers let you measure very small signals that would otherwise get lost in the noise of even the best available amplifiers. Originally analog circuits, lock-in amplifiers have evolved into ...