The heat generated by everyday activities in metropolitan areas has a significant enough warming effect to influence climate even thousands of miles away from its source during winter months, ...

Despite growing concern, no consensus has emerged over the effects of habitat modification on species diversity in tropical forests. Even for comparatively well-studied taxa such as Lepidoptera, ...

Economies of scale refer to economic efficiencies that result from carrying out a process on a larger scale. Scale effects are possible because in most production operations fixed and variable costs ...

1. Savanna ecosystems – defined by the coexistence of trees and grasses – cover more than one-fifth the world's land surface and harbour most of the world's rangelands, livestock and large mammal ...

A research group led by Prof. Li Xiangyang from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, ...